Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh

Ashish Broto Kairi; Mushtaq Ahmed; Sumitra Chandra Nath

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12

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Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh

Ashish Broto Kairi^*

, Mushtaq Ahmed

, Sumitra Chandra Nath

Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 12, Issue 6)

Received: 20 November 2024 Accepted: 4 December 2024 Published: 25 December 2024

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Abstract

In the present study, the vulnerability of the building stock of a small but important town (Srimangal Municipality under the Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh), located in the most earthquake-prone Sylhet region, was assessed. Besides, the applicability of two methods of vulnerability assessment (Reliability-Based Method and FEMA 154) for Bangladesh was also checked. 17.5% of the studied buildings were found vulnerable, and 65% of buildings were safe according to both methods. Most of the masonry buildings (85.71%) are at risk, as they are old and constructed before introducing Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) in 1993. For Bangladesh context, the Cut-Off Score of FEMA 154 was proposed as 1.5 instead of 2.0 in this study. The comparison between the two methods shows that the results obtained from the analysis were close enough to each other and both models gave reliable results. However, the lack of sophisticated damage data for the Reliability-Based Method could lead the results to be varied from the results obtained from another method. On the other hand, Basic Scores and Score Modifiers in FEMA set for developed countries might be calibrated for Bangladesh to decrease the result gaps. In conclusion, both methods were found suitable to use for vulnerability assessment of buildings in Bangladesh.

Published in	American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 12, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12
Page(s)	188-198
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sreemangal, Sylhet, Earthquake, Basic Score, Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings, Reliability-Based Method, FEMA 154, Damage Study

References

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[2]	Ray, S., Alam, J. B., Haque, M., Das, S. K., Tanmoy, B. B., & Hasan, N. (2019). A study on b-value and investigation of seismic hazard in Sylhet seismic region, Bangladesh using Gumbel’s extreme value distribution method. SN Applied Sciences, 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-0442-3
[3]	Shadmaan, S., & Popy, S. (2023). An assessment of earthquake vulnerability by multi- criteria decision-making method. Geohazard Mechanics, 1(1), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ghm.2022.11.002
[4]	Ahmed, M. (2007). Earthquake in Sylhet: Present condition of buildings, probable destruction, and engineering measures for mitigation of losses. SUST Studies, 7(1), 8-14.
[5]	Sarkar, J., Ansary, M., & Islam, M. A. (2010). Potential losses for Sylhet, Bangladesh in a repeat of the 1918 Srimangal Earthquake. Environmental Economics, 1(1), 9-30.
[6]	Ahmed, M., Khaleduzzaman, K. M., Siddique, N. A., & Islam, S. (2011, January 11-13). Earthquake vulnerability assessment of schools and colleges of Sylhet, a northeastern city of Bangladesh. Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Engineering Research, Innovation and Education (CERIE 2011), School of Applied Sciences and Technology, SUST, Sylhet, Bangladesh, pp 107-112.
[7]	Mazumder, R. K., Ahmed, M., & Ansary, M. A. (2011, October 12-14). Seismic risk evaluation on existing RC frame buildings for the northern part of Sylhet city, Bangladesh. Proceedings of 10th International Symposium on New Technologies for Urban Safety of Mega Cities in Asia (USMCA 2011), Chiang Mai, Thailand. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.2623.9041
[8]	Sabri S. A. (2001). Earthquake intensity-attenuation relationship for Bangladesh and its surrounding region, M. Engg, Thesis, BUET, Dhaka-1000.
[9]	Stuart M. (1920). The Srimangal earthquake of 8th July 1918, Memoir of Geological Survey of India, Vol. 46, pp. 1-70.
[10]	Islam, M. H. (2018). Environmental assessment of a sub-project at Sreemangal Paurashava. Sustainable Cities and Communities, Bangladesh Institute of Planners. https://www.bip.org.bd/admin/uploads/bip-publication/publication-19/paper/20181204074451.pdf
[11]	Karim, M. F., Kayal, J. R., Shanker, D., Khandaker, N. I., Sikder, A. M., Rahman, M. Z., & Hassan, M. Q. (2021). Tectonic and geotechnical review of Bengal basin for seismic risk assessment in Bangladesh. CUNY Academic Works, York College, City University of New York, USA.
[12]	Shibata, A. (1980, September 8-13). A prediction of the probability of earthquake damage to reinforced concrete building groups in a city. Proceedings of the 7th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey, pp 395-402.
[13]	Shiga, T. (1977, January 10-14). Earthquake damage and the amount of walls in reinforced concrete buildings. Proceedings of the 6th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, New Delhi, India, pp 2467-2472.
[14]	Askan, A. (2002). Stochastic methods for the estimation of potential seismic damage. M.Sc. Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
[15]	Askan, A., & Yucemen, M. S. (2010). Probabilistic methods for the estimation of potential seismic damage: Application to reinforced concrete buildings in Turkey. Structural Safety, 32(4), 262-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2010.04.001
[16]	Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) (2002), Rapid visual screening of buildings for potential seismic hazards: A handbook (2nd edition). Washington DC, USA.
[17]	Ahmed, M., Mahin, A. A., & Sayeed, M. A. (2022, December 21-23). Seismic vulnerability assessment of building stocks using New Zealand Guidelines and FEMA P154: A comparative study. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advances in Civil Engineering (ICACE 2022), CUET, Chattogram, Bangladesh. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4967136

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APA Style

Kairi, A. B., Ahmed, M., Nath, S. C. (2024). Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 12(6), 188-198. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12

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ACS Style

Kairi, A. B.; Ahmed, M.; Nath, S. C. Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 188-198. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12

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AMA Style

Kairi AB, Ahmed M, Nath SC. Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh. Am J Civ Eng. 2024;12(6):188-198. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12,
  author = {Ashish Broto Kairi and Mushtaq Ahmed and Sumitra Chandra Nath},
  title = {Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh
},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {12},
  number = {6},
  pages = {188-198},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20241206.12},
  abstract = {In the present study, the vulnerability of the building stock of a small but important town (Srimangal Municipality under the Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh), located in the most earthquake-prone Sylhet region, was assessed. Besides, the applicability of two methods of vulnerability assessment (Reliability-Based Method and FEMA 154) for Bangladesh was also checked. 17.5% of the studied buildings were found vulnerable, and 65% of buildings were safe according to both methods. Most of the masonry buildings (85.71%) are at risk, as they are old and constructed before introducing Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) in 1993. For Bangladesh context, the Cut-Off Score of FEMA 154 was proposed as 1.5 instead of 2.0 in this study. The comparison between the two methods shows that the results obtained from the analysis were close enough to each other and both models gave reliable results. However, the lack of sophisticated damage data for the Reliability-Based Method could lead the results to be varied from the results obtained from another method. On the other hand, Basic Scores and Score Modifiers in FEMA set for developed countries might be calibrated for Bangladesh to decrease the result gaps. In conclusion, both methods were found suitable to use for vulnerability assessment of buildings in Bangladesh.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh

AU  - Ashish Broto Kairi
AU  - Mushtaq Ahmed
AU  - Sumitra Chandra Nath
Y1  - 2024/12/25
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 188
EP  - 198
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12
AB  - In the present study, the vulnerability of the building stock of a small but important town (Srimangal Municipality under the Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh), located in the most earthquake-prone Sylhet region, was assessed. Besides, the applicability of two methods of vulnerability assessment (Reliability-Based Method and FEMA 154) for Bangladesh was also checked. 17.5% of the studied buildings were found vulnerable, and 65% of buildings were safe according to both methods. Most of the masonry buildings (85.71%) are at risk, as they are old and constructed before introducing Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) in 1993. For Bangladesh context, the Cut-Off Score of FEMA 154 was proposed as 1.5 instead of 2.0 in this study. The comparison between the two methods shows that the results obtained from the analysis were close enough to each other and both models gave reliable results. However, the lack of sophisticated damage data for the Reliability-Based Method could lead the results to be varied from the results obtained from another method. On the other hand, Basic Scores and Score Modifiers in FEMA set for developed countries might be calibrated for Bangladesh to decrease the result gaps. In conclusion, both methods were found suitable to use for vulnerability assessment of buildings in Bangladesh.

VL  - 12
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Ashish Broto Kairi

Engineering Section, Association of Shahjalal Business Systems, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-7735-2832
Mushtaq Ahmed

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8941-7512
Sumitra Chandra Nath

Engineering Section, The Engineer Associates, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0003-1919-4175

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kairi, A. B., Ahmed, M., Nath, S. C. (2024). Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 12(6), 188-198. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12

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ACS Style

Kairi, A. B.; Ahmed, M.; Nath, S. C. Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 188-198. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12

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AMA Style

Kairi AB, Ahmed M, Nath SC. Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh. Am J Civ Eng. 2024;12(6):188-198. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12,
  author = {Ashish Broto Kairi and Mushtaq Ahmed and Sumitra Chandra Nath},
  title = {Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh
},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {12},
  number = {6},
  pages = {188-198},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20241206.12},
  abstract = {In the present study, the vulnerability of the building stock of a small but important town (Srimangal Municipality under the Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh), located in the most earthquake-prone Sylhet region, was assessed. Besides, the applicability of two methods of vulnerability assessment (Reliability-Based Method and FEMA 154) for Bangladesh was also checked. 17.5% of the studied buildings were found vulnerable, and 65% of buildings were safe according to both methods. Most of the masonry buildings (85.71%) are at risk, as they are old and constructed before introducing Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) in 1993. For Bangladesh context, the Cut-Off Score of FEMA 154 was proposed as 1.5 instead of 2.0 in this study. The comparison between the two methods shows that the results obtained from the analysis were close enough to each other and both models gave reliable results. However, the lack of sophisticated damage data for the Reliability-Based Method could lead the results to be varied from the results obtained from another method. On the other hand, Basic Scores and Score Modifiers in FEMA set for developed countries might be calibrated for Bangladesh to decrease the result gaps. In conclusion, both methods were found suitable to use for vulnerability assessment of buildings in Bangladesh.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seismic Risk Assessment for Sreemangal Town: Exploring the Use of Reliability-Based and RVS-FEMA 154 Methods for Building Safety in Bangladesh

AU  - Ashish Broto Kairi
AU  - Mushtaq Ahmed
AU  - Sumitra Chandra Nath
Y1  - 2024/12/25
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 188
EP  - 198
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.12
AB  - In the present study, the vulnerability of the building stock of a small but important town (Srimangal Municipality under the Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh), located in the most earthquake-prone Sylhet region, was assessed. Besides, the applicability of two methods of vulnerability assessment (Reliability-Based Method and FEMA 154) for Bangladesh was also checked. 17.5% of the studied buildings were found vulnerable, and 65% of buildings were safe according to both methods. Most of the masonry buildings (85.71%) are at risk, as they are old and constructed before introducing Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) in 1993. For Bangladesh context, the Cut-Off Score of FEMA 154 was proposed as 1.5 instead of 2.0 in this study. The comparison between the two methods shows that the results obtained from the analysis were close enough to each other and both models gave reliable results. However, the lack of sophisticated damage data for the Reliability-Based Method could lead the results to be varied from the results obtained from another method. On the other hand, Basic Scores and Score Modifiers in FEMA set for developed countries might be calibrated for Bangladesh to decrease the result gaps. In conclusion, both methods were found suitable to use for vulnerability assessment of buildings in Bangladesh.

VL  - 12
IS  - 6
ER  -

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